The anti-wrap spring
perches are basically perches which have 8"x2"x1/2" thick
plates welded on top. These plates press against the spring to limit
axle twist.
A not-so-great picture of the anti-wrap spring perch and the
track bar mount extension
Parts
For the relatively small number of parts which came
with the Rubicon Express (RE) lift kit, it took a remarkably long time
to install. The parts included:
4 Doeschtech shocks
2 Front shock tower mount converters
2 Front brake line extensions
1 Rear brake line extension
4 Anti-axle-wrap spring perches
1 Track bar axle mount extension
2 Transfer case lowering bars w/6 nuts & bolts
I also recommend that you buy a complete set of
spring u-bolts so you don't have to re-use your old ones and set aside
cash for getting the rear driveshaft lengthened after the lift. Some
rustproof paint would be good, too.
Tools
To do this job without losing your sanity, I am going
to list all the tools we used in order to do the installation. Some are
required, some aren't but are highly recommended.
Pitman arm puller
Complete set of wrenches and sockets
4 Jackstands
Floor jack and a standard scissor or bottle jack
BFH (aka: a large hammer)
Torx bits (for the brake line mounts)
Large adjustable-grip pliers (for the parking brake line)
Drill (preferably a half-inch)
Drill bits
Sander or wire wheel on an angle grinder
Welder (or the services of a welder)
Measuring tape
Angle finder
Needle nose pliers
Preparation
Unless you're working on a new vehicle, I suggest
that you spend the weekend before the installation inspecting your
vehicle's brakes, steering linkage, and other parts to see if they need
to be replaced. In my case, I discovered that my rotors were badly
gouged and the brake pads were destroyed. Another set back occurred when
I was about to install the new pads and discovered that they gave me a
mismatched set. That is not the kind of event that is helpful when you've
spent days working on your vehicle and you're getting blisters from the
knurled handles on your ratchet wrenches. Avoid my mistakes: take care
of the little stuff the prior week if you're hoping to have the RE kit
installed in a single weekend.
Rob Bryce lends a helping hand
Friends
Unless you're a fiercely independent, lone-wolf
personality (what are you, a psycho?), you will NEED friends to help you
install this kit. Commit yourself to the fact that they will one day
call upon you for a similar favour and if you don't comply, you'll wake
up with a horse head in your bed one morning. But I digress...
Work Area
I was expecting this installation to take at least 10
hours so I cleaned out the shop (a big job in itself) to make room for
my Jeep. My anesthesiologist for this most difficult of surgeries was my
good friend, Rob Bryce, who came over for the weekend to help me with
the installation.
A broken leaf and a badly mutilated center pin. Looks like I
picked a good time to get rid of my old springs.
Disassembly
I have the regular size jackstands, so I had to build
some platforms to raise them higher. I used 2x4s to build 4 platforms
approximately 10 inches in height. I sat the Jeep's frame rails on the
four jackstands, near each of the spring hangers.
We removed the wheels, shocks, sway bar and track
bars and then disconnected the emergency brake line as per the
instructions. Then we started on the steering linkage. I tried removing
the drag link from the pitman arm with a pickle fork (or ball joint
fork). After failing to remove the drag link, I used my trusty pitman
arm puller to pop off the link (actually, it wasn't my puller but I
think I'll keep it). If you've never used one before, the process is as
follows:
Put some grease on the threads of the puller.
Position it so that it clamps around the top of the pitman arm
where it connects to the drag link. The bolt of the pitman arm
should be positioned against the threaded end of the draglink which
extends through the arm. Tighten the puller against the link as hard
as you can.
Use the BFH to beat on the link as hard as you can. It may help to
pretend that it owes you money. With sufficient whacking, it will
pop out of the pitman arm.
We used a similar procedure to remove the pitman
arm from the steering box. Remember, as with most things in the boudoir,
strong, vigorous thrusts are the key to success.
The instructions told us to disconnect both drive
shafts from the axles but we found that wasn't necessary. The only
reason we disconnected the rear driveshaft because one of the u-joints
was bad and had to be replaced. Around this time, I also discovered that
my rotors were terminally grooved. After cussing and shouting for a few
minutes, I resigned myself to the fact that I'd have to shell out the
bucks for new rotors and brake pads. For now, I left the calipers
attached to the brake hoses and zip-tied them out of the way.
After removing the axle u-bolts, we used some
ratchet straps to attach the axles to the frame before removing the
spring packs. An electric angle grinder with a coarse wire brush was
used to prepare the axle tubes for welding. Using a Johnson angle finder
($22 from Home Depot), I placed the perches at the correct angle and
clamped them in place.
Rear Axle Left : The axle was positioned so that the stock perch
was at zero degrees Right: The RE perch was positioned so that it had a
2-degree upward angle, relative to the stock perch.
The angle of the perches was calculated
relative to the angle of the stock spring perches. An angle finder was
used to position the axles so that their stock perches were perfectly
horizontal. Then the RE perches were placed so the front axle perches
were tilted 5 degrees down at the front and the rear axle perches were
tilted 2 degrees up at the front. The lateral position of the perches was determined by placing them
directly above the old perches and ensuring that they were 33 inches
apart (measured at the inside edge of the anti-wrap plates).
Master welder, John Edgar, handled the welding
Perch Welding
I was very anxious about this part of the job because
welding is a relatively permanent process. Rather than do the welding
myself, I hired John Edgar (a professional) to do the welding. I flitted
around my Jeep, quadruple-checking all the angles (approx 5 degrees more
caster in front and 2 degress more in the rear) and going over all the
measurements before giving John the go ahead to commence welding. Based
on my past experiences, it shouldn't have been a surprise when I
realized that I placed the front, passenger side shackle too close to
the axle disconnect. There was barely any room for the u-bolt to squeeze
between the perch and the disconnect. Ordinarily, looking at John's
beautiful (ie: PERMANENT) welds would be a source of comfort, knowing
that the perches were solidly attached to the axle tubes. In this case,
it made me nauseous. I called a halt to the welding and explained my
screw-up. Torching the perch off the axle tube would be messy and I was
afraid it'd weaken the tube. While I started recalling the previous week's
events to determine what I had done to deserve such misfortune, John
came up with a brilliant solution: cut the anti-wrap plate from the
perch and reposition it on the perch instead of moving the perch itself.
An elegant and simple solution. I'm sure I would've figured that one out
but I don't think it would've happened till the following week.
Thankfully, the other three spring perches were welded onto the axle
tubes without incident. I'm not positive but it seems to me that after
the spring perch incident, Rob and John started to keep me away from the
power tools and any components of the Jeep which were critical to its
safe operation.
Before John finished his official duties as master
welder, Rob suggested that I ask him to weld the track bar extension to
the cast axle mount. This seemed like a good idea since we've heard
other other Jeepers suffering from broken track bar extensions. And
since John was already there and had his welding gear setup, it made
sense to do it.
No special welding process was required to attach
the perches to the axle tubes. Arc or MIG could be used (RE recommends
MIG because it imparts less heat to the surrounding metal). The standard
welding practice of welding individual short beads rather than long
beads was sufficient to avoid tube warpage.
Reassembly
This phase of the conversion went considerably faster
because a number of offroading friends dropped by to spectate and
inevitably lend a hand. I thought this to be rather remarkable in light
of the fact that I had no beer on hand at all. Others who couldn't make
it called throughout the day to see how things were going. I felt like
an expectant father (who was performing the delivery). Thanks and cigars
to the following people who dropped by to help out: Jonathan Yim, Wil
Girindra, Traci Deman, Phil Gough and Mark Dietelbach.
The parking brake lines were removed, a lower
mounting hole was drilled, and the lines were re-routed a few inches
lower. The flexible brake lines were removed from where they attached to
the frame-mounted hard brake lines and the RE brake line extensions were
installed. The longer Doeschtech shocks were installed. The fronts were
installed upside down (shock rod down) because at extreme articulation,
they would hit the springs or knuckle assembly if the shock body was at
the bottom. To facilitate upside down mounting, RE included a couple of
adapters for the shock towers which let me use eye-mount shocks in the
top instead of the threaded stud types. Using their transfer case
lowering tubes, the case and skidplate was lowered approximately one
inch.
Rob was having trouble attaching the rear
driveshaft to the axle, even after we had lowered the rear of the Jeep
so that it was resting on the wheels. The resulting lift was
approximately 10 inches over stock. This accounted for while Rob couldn't
extend the driveshaft far enough to connect to the axle. Something was
definitely wrong. Although comparisons with Traci's stock YJ and
previously gathered information from Jeep list subscribers indicated
that the 5-leaf spring pack should go in the rear, we decided that the
springs should be switched. Hopefully, the 4-leaf pack which we had
installed in the front would, when put in the rear, lower it to a more
reasonable 6 inch lift. When this didn't work, we were really confused.
Why was it sitting so high in the rear? Then I smelled something
burning, like an electrical short. I quickly recognized it as coming
from the bad wiring for the dim light bulb in my head: I was having an
idea. We had been testing the lift height with the rear of the Jeep
sitting on its wheels and the front on the jackstands. The problem was
that the jackstands in the front were located behind the front spring
hangers, which was at least two feet farther to the rear of the front
axle. This meant that the weight distribution was skewed. So test this
theory, we put the wheels back on the front axle and lowered the Jeep
onto all fours. Sure enough, the lift measured out to the advertised
lift of 5.5 to 6 inches. Having been at the job for far too long, we
elected to leave the springs as is since the Jeep sat "kinda"
level. I couldn't find the nut and bolt to attach the track bar to the
axle so I left it unattached. I've been driving my Jeep for over a year
with no track bars so I wasn't too concerned about not having it
connected, even though RE suggests that the front should be attached.
The last bit of reassembly had to wait till Sunday
morning because Canadian Tire had given me a mismatched set of brake
pads. Then, to liven things up, I tried to bleed one of my rear brakes
with the drum off. That earned me some penalty time while I frantically
tried to tear apart the brake to put the piston back together. Oh, did I
mention that we were supposed to meet some friends to go for a 4x4 day
trip up to Blue Mountain?
RESULTS
2.5" lift vs. 5.5" lift Before and after, front view.
It's hard to see, but notice that the drag link angle is about the same.
2.5" lift vs. 5.5" lift Before and after, front 3/4
view. Notice the added fender clearance.
Test Drive ... Driveline Vibration Rears Its Ugly Head
With the Jeep sitting on all fours, ready to drive
out of the garage, I felt myself bursting with excitement. A trip to the
bathroom diminished the feeling but I was excited nonetheless. I
carefully drove it onto the driveway and went backwards and forwards a
few times to ensure that the brakes were in good working order. After
one last inspection I joined our small procession of 4x4s to meet up
with our friends on Blue Mtn. Almost immediately after getting onto a
main street, I noticed a serious driveline vibration which occurred
between 40 to 60 km/h. It was bad but not bad enough to warrant turning
around and heading back to the shop.
The ride on the street was noticably better and
the 6 inches of total lift didn't seem to make the Jeep handle any worse
than when I had my 2.5" lift. Best of all, the lack of a front
track bar didn't not significantly affect the handling. I noticed some
mild bumpsteer when I braked hard but it was easily controllable and not
much worse than with my 2.5" lift.
Offroad, it was even better. With the tires aired
down to 20 lbs and the front sway bar disconnected, the ride was
absolutely beautiful. The articulation was dramatically improved over my
old 2.5" lift which, in itself, was no slouch, either. Trail
sections which used to cause me to lift a tire were negotiated with all
four tires on the ground.
Addressing the Driveline Vibration Problem
The next day, after work, I set about to find the
source of the driveline vibration. The first thing I did was to measure
the transfer case output angle and the axle pinion angle. Sure enough,
there was a difference of just over 5 degrees. Certainly enough to cause
the vibration.
My transfer case skidplate has taken a lot of
damage over the past three years so I decided I should lower it another
inch which should bring it in line with a "stock" transfer
case. I also obtained and installed a set of rear 5-leaf spring packs
(now I'm running 5-leafs in the front and back). That improved things so
now the rear axle is only pointing 2-3 degrees higher than parallel with
the transfer case output. The driveshaft angle is approx. 20 degrees (I
have an MIT transfer kit so the transfer case is effectively 4 inches
shorter than stock). The vibration is still there but it has diminished
significantly and only occurs around 40 km/h. Basically, it's livable,
although I'll probably go with a CV joint driveshaft when I swap in a
D44 rear axle later this year.
Bonuses
I noticed a few positive side effects of having the
stock spring packs on my Jeep again:
With a lift kit, the added arch of the lift springs usually causes
the rear wheels to move backwards when they are pushed up into the
wheel wells because the springs straighten out under comrpession.
This backwards motion results in contact with the rear, bottom
portion of the fenders, which is why many YJ owners with 33" or
greater tires must trim this area. With the flat, stock springs, the
rear wheels actually move a little bit forward when they move up
into the wheel wells so the available fender clearance is maximized.
Similarly, because the springs are at their maximum length (as
measured between the spring eyes) when the vehicle is on level
ground, the shackles will not move any farther outwards when the
suspension cycles. The result is that you don't have to worry about
the rear shackles' movement being hindered by the frame crossmember
because they won't be going any farther back when the suspension is
being maxed out.
Removing and re-installing the sway bar links at the beginning and
end of trail runs used to be a hassle because it was often difficult
to level the front axle so that the bar could be re-attached. Now,
because the springs are so soft, all it takes is one person to
lightly jump up and down on my front bumper in order for me to align
the link with the sway bar ends.
Thanks to the added articulation at the rear, it's not as
frequently necessary to disconnect the sway bar as before.
The day we finished the installation, we immediately took the
Jeep for a brief test run at Blue Mtn. The pictures are pretty dark but
if you look closely, you can see that there is still plenty of travel
left even after placing the front wheel on top of the rock.
In Conclusion
Although I still have to deal with the driveline
vibration problem, I must admit that RE's kit satisfied the majority of
my pre-purchase
concerns. Most importantly, I was able to install it over the
weekend and drive it to work the following Monday.
Pros
Benefits of my new suspension over my old 2.5"
spring lift include:
Softer ride.
Vastly improved axle articulation.
Improved fender clearance.
Easier to remove/install sway bar link.
Use of easily and cheaply replacable spring packs.
Improved rear shackle clearance.
Cons
The on-street handling is a bit worse than before.
The steep driveshaft angle makes it very sensitive to incorrect
angles. I'm not sure if parallel angles can be maintained over the
life of a spring pack as it starts to sag.
Minor bumpsteer over hard bumps or hard braking.
Is This Kit Right for You?
Should you convert your Jeep to a
spring-over set-up? It depends, as always, on the types of trails you
frequent and your tolerance for reduced highway performance. I've been
fourwheeling rather seriously for the past three years and have
encountered very few situations where my combination of 31x10.5 mud
tures, 2.5" suspension lift and rear locker were insufficient for
the trail. For the majority of Jeepers, this kind of modification is
not needed. BUT...if you want to get into the extreme trails
then the RE spring-over is a good route for obtaining better ground
clearance and articulation for a great price.
I must caution you, however, that this kit and
its instructions are only the starting point for a spring-over
conversion. Fine-tuning will be required. Component fitment
problems might be magnified and need to be rectified. In my case, the
steeper angle on the front driveshaft is causing it to rub against my
exhaust pipe.
My Recommendations to Future Installers
DO NOT accept the installation instructions as gospel. This
is a very critical operation and you are obliged to exercise extreme
care in all the measurements and angles. Although it may seem
cumbersome, I strongly recommend tacking the on the rear spring
perches and then measuring the transfer case and pinion angles to
ensure that they're parallel. Only after you've successfully done
this test should you finish the welding.
See above. I just wanted to re-iterate that very important point.
Contrary to what you might have seen in RE's how-to video,
removing the pitman arm and drag link are very difficult. Spraying
them with penetrating oil helps. A pitman arm puller is absolutely
mandatory. You can also use the puller to pop the drag link off the
pitman arm (I thoroughly mangled the grease cup on my drag link by
using a pickle fork before realizing that the puller was better
suited for the task).
Buy the installation video, it's worth watching.
I have an MIT tail cone eliminator kit on my transfer case. That
makes my driveshaft approximately 4 inches longer than stock. Even
with that advantage, it's still running at about 20 degrees which
seems kind of steep to me. I shudder to think what angle a stock
driveshaft would be running at. I've thought about this point quite
a bit before committing it to paper (figuratively speaking, of
course): Include a CV joint driveshaft and tail cone eliminator
kit as part of your upgrade. From a durability stand point,
these are must-have items. You may be able to get by for a few
months or a year but the broken parts will start catching up to you. RE is already offering a CV joint driveshaft for their kit and will
also sell tail cone conversion kits. Buy them. I will be researching the need for a CV joint in more detail so
I reserve the right to change this particular point.
This is a long job. Make sure you plan at least two full days for
semi-relaxed pace and try to do it when parts stores are open.
RE says that you need to attach the front track bar if you install
their kit due to bump steer problems. I have detected bump steer but
it's not much worse than with my 2.5" lift kit and no track
bar. I've been commuting in my Jeep with the spring-over and no
track bars for the past two weeks and don't consider bump steer to
be a problem. Do be sure to keep the sway bar attached,
however. With the spring-over and no sway bar, it is now a very
terrifying experience to drive on a curvy road.
After you complete the spring-over, your steering wheel will be
cock-eyed when the wheels are straight. To remedy this, you need to
adjust the drag link. Just loosen the clamps on either end of the
drag link, spray the threads liberally with penetrating oil, then
use a monkey wrench to turn the tube in the proper direction (watch
the steering wheel to figure out which way to turn). Make sure
your ignition steering lock isn't on.
Well, that's all that I have to say about that! Please send me email
if you have any questions.
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